Apparently, the immune system is critical to the health of our bodies. Generally, the immune system helps fight against foreign pathogens that can cause infection and prevents various diseases. However, the immune system may attack the body's normal part in some cases, leading to disorders such as allergies and autoimmune disorders. In fact, there is another mechanism by which the immune system causes damage to the body: certain viruses are more likely to harm to body on their second invasion. CusAb offers polyclonal antibody Antibodies and macrophages are two important components of the immune system. Antibodies, which are generated by memory immune cells, allows the body to respond faster to the same infection. Antibodies can detect and bind to specific antigens on a pathogen's surface, preventing it from entering cells. Macrophages, which are a type of immune cells, can search around for these invaders attached to antibodies, engulf and digest them. Unfortunately, there is a phenomena called antibody-dependent enhancement. Using the antibodies, certain viruses can enter macrophages and hijack the machinery in these cells to replicate. Dengue virus, which has four different types, is among the most frequent mosquito-borne pathogens. A person who has infected with a type of dengue virus may develop serious and even fatal disease when exposed to a different type of dengue virus. The reason is that the antibodies against the first infection actually favors the infection of the second virus type. In addition to dengue virus, many other fatal viruses such as HIV, Ebola, and Ross River virus are all antibody-dependent enhancement viruses. Treating these infections is challenging, and requires lot of research.
